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AgentBaiting: How Fake AI Skills Deliver Malware at Scale

Island security researchers uncovered the FakeGit campaign, which used roughly 7,600 malicious GitHub repositories—over 800 posing as AI Skills or MCP servers—to deliver SmartLoader malware that installs the StealC information stealer. The campaign introduces a technique called AgentBaiting, in which AI agents such as Claude Code, Gemini, and ChatGPT autonomously discover the attacker repositories, treat the malicious README as legitimate documentation, and pass installation instructions to users; the operation recorded over 14 million downloads.

supply-chain · tool-abuse · malware-delivery · agentbaiting
mcp · ai-agents · ai-skills · llm · copilot

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Capability Gates Are Not Authorization: Confused-Deputy Failures in LLM Agent Frameworks

A security research paper, 'Capability Gates Are Not Authorization,' audits LangChain/LangGraph, LlamaIndex, and the Stripe Agent Toolkit and finds that all three provide capability gating by default but none enforce a deterministic fail-closed per-call value authorization gate, enabling classic confused-deputy abuse where an attacker-influenced model emits an unauthorized side-effecting call (e.g., a payout). The authors introduce SCOPEGATE, a five-stage PDP/PEP control (scope, authorization, money ceiling, idempotency, default deny), and report an identical unauthorized payout executing under LangChain's default dispatch but denied by SCOPEGATE, with an available artifact (github.com/raceksd-source/scopegate-runtime). Details →

The Confused Deputy with a Chat Window: Why AI Agents Are Exposing the Security Checks Enterprises Never Wrote – The Sentia AI Community

An explainer from the Sentia AI Community argues that autonomous, write-enabled LLM agents connected to production APIs re-introduce the classic 'confused deputy' problem: because an agent's interface is natural language, it lacks a native, cryptographic way to verify who authorized a given instruction, so untrusted input can drive privileged actions. The piece frames this as a structural gap in enterprise security models built around implicit human judgment and static perimeter API controls. Details →

Confused Deputy Attack Against Model Context Protocol | ACM Transactions on Software Engineering and Methodology

An ACM TOSEM paper uncovers the "confused deputy attack" against the Model Context Protocol (MCP), where an adversarial server with subtly manipulated metadata overshadows a benign server and intercepts tool invocations without overt malicious behavior. The authors built Puppet, an automated evaluation framework that rewrites benign tool descriptions to hijack tool selection, achieving hijacking rates up to 90.89% and payload execution up to 86.46% across 14 models, while evading MCP-Scan and McpSafetyScanner which cannot detect metadata-level manipulation. Details →

Solving GitHub’s Secure Code game with an AI red teaming agent

Adversa AI documents pointing its autonomous AI Red Teaming Agent at GitHub's open-source Secure Code Game 'ProdBot' challenge, an intentionally vulnerable agentic-AI teaching target where the goal is to coax the agent into leaking a flag stored one directory above its sandbox. The agent cleared the first three levels (Sandbox, Web, MCP) at full score in a single 57-second run, relying on 'context seeding' — fabricating a plausible prior workflow implying authentication had already occurred — rather than overt jailbreak language, illustrating that each added capability (web browsing, MCP tool chains, skills, multi-agent) opens a new attack surface via indirect injection, poisoned tool chains, and confused-deputy trust. Details →
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